Influence of movement of plates on climate
Location of large land mass in the polar regions contributes to the overall lowering of the temperature of the planet, as the continents can form the covering of glaciers. The wider development of glaciation, the greater the albedo of the planet and the lower the average temperature.
In addition, the relative positions of continents determine oceanic and atmospheric circulation.
However, the simple and logical scheme: the continents in polar regions - glaciation, continents in the equatorial regions - the temperature increase is incorrect when compared with geological data on past Earth. Quaternary glaciation really happened when the South Pole was Antarctica, and in the Northern Hemisphere, Eurasia and North America closer to the North Pole. On the other hand, the strongest Proterozoic glaciation, during which the Earth was almost completely covered with ice, occurred at a time when most of the land mass was in the equatorial region.
In addition, significant changes of the continents in a time order of tens of millions of years, whereas, the total duration of the glacial epochs of the order of several million years, and during a glacial epoch are cyclic shifts of glaciations and interglacial periods. All these climatic changes are occurring rapidly in comparison with the velocity of the continents, and therefore the movement of plates can not be their cause.
From the foregoing it follows that the movement of plates does not play a determining role in climate change, but may be an important additional factor, "push" them.